新移民運動的形成 ———差異政治、主體化與社會性運動

被標籤為「外籍新娘」的新移民女性因其社會經濟和文化的相對不利處境，使人忽略其能動性，更看不見新移民女性已然投入新移民運動之中。本文企圖跨越理論的疆界，批判地結合社會運動、女性主義，以及性別與發展等相關研究和理論，以「圈內人」（insider）的角度，分析新移民運動在台灣形成的過程。採取Alain Touraine之「社會性運動」（societal movement）的概念，作者特別關注「主體化」議題，批判既有社會運動文獻忽視社會運動參與者（尤其是基層群眾）主體性形成過程的重要性，指出運動的形成並非僅馬其維利的策略運用，最關鍵的是行動者的「主體化」，其中涉及情緒與理性複雜交錯的過程，而知識份子與基層群眾之間的關係，並不能以「互為主體」簡單略過。作者主張掌握較多資源的知識份子，必須以「有良心的狼人」而非「領導者」自居，投入基層培力工作，以斷決自己未來背叛時對運動造成致命傷害的可能。 As a result of their socio-economic and cultural disadvantages, the agency of the stigmatized "foreign brides" has long been neglected, not to mention the fact that they have been active in the formation of immigrant movement in Taiwan. Crossing theoretical boundaries, this paper aims at critically incorporating research from social movements, feminism, and gender and development, to analyze the formation of immigrant movement in Taiwan from an "insider" perspective. Employing Alain Touraine's concept of "societal movement" the author is particularly concerned about "subjectivation" issues, criticizing most social movement studies for neglecting the importance of subjectivation process. This paper argues that movement is not merely formed by Machiavellian strategies. Rather, the core issues should be subjectivation of participants in the movement, involving delicate interaction between emotion and reason. Moreover, the author discusses the positions of intellectuals in the movements, arguing that intellectuals should see themselves as "conscientious wolfman" rather than the leaders in the movements. With more access to resources, intellectuals involved in movements should devote themselves to the empowerment of the masses, avoiding the possibilities of making a vital wound to the movements upon their future betrayal.